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Ginseng grows in shady and humus soils, especially in the moist woodlands of East Asia and North America. Known for its slow growth and long life span, ginseng is highly valued for its medicinal properties and is laborious to cultivate.
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Cleaning Ginsenosides, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids, vitamins
Ginseng is a perennial, herbaceous plant belonging to the family Araliaceae (Ivy family) and its height can vary between 30-70 cm. The roots are fleshy, thick and forked, and can also be shaped like the human body, which is the most medicinally valuable part of the plant. The leaves are palm-shaped, compound and usually have five leaflets, but in some species this number may be three or seven. The edges of the leaves are toothed and the stems are long.
The flowers are small, greenish-white in colour and have an umbrella-shaped inflorescence; they bloom in summer. The fruits are small, round and bright red in colour and contain two seeds when ripe. Ginseng grows in shady and humus soils, especially in the moist woodlands of East Asia and North America. Known for its slow growth and long life span, ginseng is highly valued for its medicinal properties and is laborious to cultivate.
The botanical properties of ginseng (e.g. Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolius), of which there are various species and varieties, may vary slightly between species.
Major Active Ingredients and Proportions
Ginseng contains various bioactive components such as polysaccharides (5-8%), peptidoglycans, essential oils (0.05-0.2%) vitamins (B group and vitamin C) and minerals (potassium, magnesium, iron), with ginsenosides (2-3%) being the main active ingredient. Ginsenosides, adaptogenic to ginseng, immune system booster, triterpene saponins, which confer anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Other important molecules include panaxans (polysaccharides), panaxatriol and panaxadiol (metabolites of ginsenosides).
