Black Mulberry (Black Mulberry), scientific name Morus nigra, is a tree species belonging to the Moraceae family. This slow-growing tree can reach an average height of 5-7 metres. The leaves of black mulberry trees are broad and dark green; they turn yellow in autumn. Small, green flowers bloom in late spring, which ripen into sweet, juicy berries in summer. When ripe, the fruits are dark purple, almost black in colour. Black mulberry trees are preferred both for their fruits and for their ability to provide shade. There are many different types of black mulberry plants in terms of tree forms and shapes. There are also forms used as ornamental plants. Fruit size, colour, texture, taste and texture vary greatly according to the types. The ripening periods of the fruits also vary considerably according to the types and regions. In temperate and warm regions, the fruits ripen in April-May, while in regions with colder climates they ripen in June-July. The ripening and harvest period lasts approximately 2 months.
Major Active Ingredients and Proportions
Black Mulberry, scientifically known as Morus nigra, is characterised by its rich nutrient content. The fruit contains 12-14% sugars, most of which are glucose and fructose. Organic acids, which give the fruit its characteristic sour taste, are present in 1-2.5% of the fruit; malic acid and citric acid are the main ones. Anthocyanins give the fruit its dark purple colour, are present at a rate of 0.1-0.25% and are known for their antioxidant effects. Vitamin C is also an important component of black mulberry and its content varies between 30-60 mg/100g.
Other important minerals include potassium (200-300 mg/100g), iron (1-2 mg/100g), calcium (30-50 mg/100g) and magnesium (15-25 mg/100g). These components make black mulberry valuable in terms of health, especially preferred because it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.